feat(任务派发): 客户端兜底拉取页面未推送成功的任务 + 修店铺匹配定时任务误杀

问题：任务派发链路的"推送"只存在于页面里（Java 解析落库 PENDING → activate →
pywebview 桥 enqueue_json 推本机队列）。只解析没点启动、推送前关页面、在纯浏览器
打开，任务都会停在 PENDING，2 小时后被 StaleTaskRepairService 标失败
（「任务长期未被领取，已自动失败」，09-11 生产清理过 263 条同画像）。

- 服务端新增 GET /api/tasks/pull-pending（TaskClientPullController，身份从 JWT 取，
  不接受 user_id 参数）：只挑创建超 5 分钟仍 PENDING 的本用户任务，逐条条件更新认领
  （PENDING→RUNNING + 接管 owner_instance_id）——与页面 activate 同一谓词，天然互斥，
  不会重复执行；认领后组装不出载荷则标 FAILED，不留 RUNNING 孤儿
- payload 由各业务模块实现 ClientTaskPullSpi 组装（task 侧不 import 业务模块，同 G5）：
  首批 SIMILAR_ASIN / COLLECT_DATA / APPEARANCE_PATENT——这三个 Python 消费端会自行
  回拉明细，故载荷极简、客户端零模块知识；开关 aiimage.client-task-pull.enabled 默认 false
- 防双执行：三处 activate 由「非终态即可」收紧为只认 PENDING，未命中抛
  「任务已在执行中（可能已由客户端自动接管），无需重复启动」（顺带堵住整行 updateById
  把认领写入的 owner 覆盖回去的竞态）；两个前端页 activate 失败即提示并停止入队
- 客户端：amazon/main.py 新增 pending_task_pull_worker，启动点挂在 app_client/main.py
  的 start_task_monitor（独立入口的 worker 线上并不生效）；开关 pending_pull_enabled 用
  getattr 读取，避免 test/ 下的旧 config 缺键导致整包导入失败
- 同批修：StaleTaskRepairService 的 SCHEDULED 分支改按 scheduled_at + 120min 判死
  （原按 updated_at 会必杀排期 >2h 的店铺匹配定时任务，而 activate 又被 scheduledAt-90s 挡住）
- 测试：TaskClientPullServiceTest / StaleTaskRepairServiceTest / CollectDataTaskPullSpiImplTest /
  CollectDataActivateGuardTest 共 20 例；客户端 pending_task_pull_worker 7 例并更新启动顺序契约测试

backend-java/src/main/java/com/nanri/aiimage/modules/appearancepatent/service/AppearancePatentTaskPullSpiImpl.java

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+package com.nanri.aiimage.modules.appearancepatent.service;
+
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.appearancepatent.model.dto.AppearancePatentParsedPayloadDto;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.appearancepatent.model.vo.AppearancePatentParsedGroupVo;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.model.entity.FileTaskEntity;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.spi.ClientTaskPullSpi;
+import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
+import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
+import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
+
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * 外观专利的客户端兜底拉取实现。
+ *
+ * <p>Python 消费端需要 groups（解析分组，页面上是现拉 /queue-payload 再入队），
+ * 这里直接复用同一个 service 方法；payload 与页面保持一致（含 prompt / api_key）。
+ */
+@Slf4j
+@Service
+@RequiredArgsConstructor
+public class AppearancePatentTaskPullSpiImpl implements ClientTaskPullSpi {
+
+    private static final String QUEUE_TYPE = "appearance-patent-run";
+
+    private final AppearancePatentTaskService taskService;
+    private final AppearancePatentTaskCacheService taskCacheService;
+
+    @Override
+    public String moduleType() {
+        return AppearancePatentTaskService.MODULE_TYPE;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Map<String, Object> buildQueuePayload(FileTaskEntity task) {
+        AppearancePatentParsedPayloadDto payload = taskService.queuePayload(task.getId(), task.getUserId());
+        List<AppearancePatentParsedGroupVo> groups = payload.getGroups() == null ? List.of() : payload.getGroups();
+        if (groups.isEmpty()) {
+            // 空 groups 在 Python 侧会被静默跳过（"groups/rows is empty, skip"），宁可在服务端直接判失败
+            log.warn("[appearance-patent] 兜底拉取失败：解析分组为空 taskId={}", task.getId());
+            return null;
+        }
+        Map<String, Object> data = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+        data.put("taskId", task.getId());
+        data.put("user_id", task.getUserId());
+        data.put("prompt", payload.getAiPrompt());
+        data.put("api_key", payload.getApiKey());
+        data.put("groups", groups);
+        log.info("[appearance-patent] 兜底载荷已组装 taskId={} groups={}", task.getId(), groups.size());
+        return Map.of("type", QUEUE_TYPE, "data", data);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onClaimed(FileTaskEntity task) {
+        // 对齐 activate：刷新模块缓存心跳，让页面立刻看到 RUNNING
+        taskCacheService.touchTaskHeartbeat(task.getId());
+    }
+}

backend-java/src/main/java/com/nanri/aiimage/modules/appearancepatent/service/AppearancePatentTaskService.java

@@ -280,12 +280,20 @@ public class AppearancePatentTaskService {
             throw new BusinessException("任务不存在");
         }
         ensureTaskOwnedByCurrentInstance(task, "activate");
-        if (STATUS_SUCCESS.equals(task.getStatus()) || STATUS_FAILED.equals(task.getStatus())) {
+        // 只允许 PENDING→RUNNING（条件更新）：与客户端「兜底拉取」的原子认领互斥，
+        // 谁先翻转谁执行，避免页面与客户端重复执行同一任务
+        int updated = fileTaskMapper.update(null, new LambdaUpdateWrapper<FileTaskEntity>()
+                .eq(FileTaskEntity::getId, taskId)
+                .eq(FileTaskEntity::getStatus, STATUS_PENDING)
+                .set(FileTaskEntity::getStatus, STATUS_RUNNING)
+                .set(FileTaskEntity::getUpdatedAt, LocalDateTime.now()));
+        if (updated == 0) {
+            FileTaskEntity latest = fileTaskMapper.selectById(taskId);
+            if (latest != null && STATUS_RUNNING.equals(latest.getStatus())) {
+                throw new BusinessException("任务已在执行中（可能已由客户端自动接管），无需重复启动");
+            }
             throw new BusinessException("任务已结束");
         }
-        task.setStatus(STATUS_RUNNING);
-        task.setUpdatedAt(LocalDateTime.now());
-        fileTaskMapper.updateById(task);
         taskCacheService.touchTaskHeartbeat(taskId);
     }
 

backend-java/src/main/java/com/nanri/aiimage/modules/collectdata/service/CollectDataService.java

@@ -381,14 +381,18 @@ public class CollectDataService {
     @Transactional
     public void activateTask(Long taskId, Long userId) {
         FileTaskEntity task = requireTask(taskId, userId);
-        // 条件更新：上面的「已结束」判断与写入之间存在窗口（TOCTOU），期间 /fail 可能已把任务
+        // 只允许 PENDING→RUNNING（条件更新）：既堵住 TOCTOU（/fail 抢先标 FAILED 后被整行
-        // 标为 FAILED —— 整行 updateById 会把它复活成 RUNNING（前端显示"执行中"但无人推进）
+        // updateById 复活成 RUNNING），又与客户端「兜底拉取」的原子认领互斥，谁先翻转谁执行
         int updated = fileTaskMapper.update(null, new LambdaUpdateWrapper<FileTaskEntity>()
                 .eq(FileTaskEntity::getId, task.getId())
-                .notIn(FileTaskEntity::getStatus, STATUS_SUCCESS, STATUS_FAILED)
+                .eq(FileTaskEntity::getStatus, STATUS_PENDING)
                 .set(FileTaskEntity::getStatus, STATUS_RUNNING)
                 .set(FileTaskEntity::getUpdatedAt, LocalDateTime.now()));
         if (updated == 0) {
+            FileTaskEntity latest = fileTaskMapper.selectById(task.getId());
+            if (latest != null && STATUS_RUNNING.equals(latest.getStatus())) {
+                throw new BusinessException("任务已在执行中（可能已由客户端自动接管），无需重复启动");
+            }
             throw new BusinessException("任务已结束");
         }
     }

backend-java/src/main/java/com/nanri/aiimage/modules/collectdata/service/CollectDataTaskPullSpiImpl.java

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+package com.nanri.aiimage.modules.collectdata.service;
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.model.entity.FileTaskEntity;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.spi.ClientTaskPullSpi;
+import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
+import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
+import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
+
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * 集采（collect-data）的客户端兜底拉取实现。
+ *
+ * <p>Python 消费端需要 taskId / totalRows / pageSize / filters（明细行自行按 /items 分页拉取）。
+ * filters 取自任务行 request_json 里 parse 时落库的那份（CollectDataService#persistParsedTask），
+ * 序列化后就是 Python 读取的 camelCase 键（countryCode/minAmount/...）。
+ */
+@Slf4j
+@Service
+@RequiredArgsConstructor
+public class CollectDataTaskPullSpiImpl implements ClientTaskPullSpi {
+
+    private static final String QUEUE_TYPE = "collect-data-run";
+    private static final String TASK_TYPE = "collect-data";
+
+    private final ObjectMapper objectMapper;
+
+    @Override
+    public String moduleType() {
+        return CollectDataService.MODULE_TYPE;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Map<String, Object> buildQueuePayload(FileTaskEntity task) {
+        JsonNode request = parseJson(task.getRequestJson());
+        if (request == null) {
+            log.warn("[collect-data] 兜底拉取失败：任务请求参数缺失或不可解析 taskId={}", task.getId());
+            return null;
+        }
+        JsonNode filtersNode = request.get("filters");
+        Map<String, Object> filters = filtersNode == null || filtersNode.isNull()
+                ? Map.of()
+                : objectMapper.convertValue(filtersNode, Map.class);
+        JsonNode stats = parseJson(task.getResultJson());
+        int totalRows = stats == null ? 0 : stats.path("totalRows").asInt(0);
+        Map<String, Object> data = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+        data.put("taskId", task.getId());
+        data.put("taskNo", task.getTaskNo());
+        data.put("taskType", TASK_TYPE);
+        data.put("totalRows", totalRows);
+        data.put("pageSize", CollectDataService.DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE);
+        data.put("filters", filters);
+        log.info("[collect-data] 兜底载荷已组装 taskId={} totalRows={} filters={}", task.getId(), totalRows, filters);
+        return Map.of("type", QUEUE_TYPE, "data", data);
+    }
+
+    private JsonNode parseJson(String json) {
+        if (json == null || json.isBlank()) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        try {
+            return objectMapper.readTree(json);
+        } catch (Exception ex) {
+            log.warn("[collect-data] 兜底拉取解析任务 JSON 失败 err={}", ex.getMessage());
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+}

backend-java/src/main/java/com/nanri/aiimage/modules/similarasin/service/SimilarAsinTaskPullSpiImpl.java

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+package com.nanri.aiimage.modules.similarasin.service;
+
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.model.entity.FileTaskEntity;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.spi.ClientTaskPullSpi;
+import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
+import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
+import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
+
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * 相似 ASIN 的客户端兜底拉取实现。
+ *
+ * <p>Python 消费端只需 taskId 即可自行回拉解析载荷（parsed-payload）与本地 aliprice 账号/代理，
+ * 因此这里只补 user_id（价格回调需要）—— 与页面 payload 相比刻意不带 counts/api_key，
+ * 避免与 Python 侧已有的拉取、服务端密钥兜底逻辑重复。
+ */
+@Slf4j
+@Service
+@RequiredArgsConstructor
+public class SimilarAsinTaskPullSpiImpl implements ClientTaskPullSpi {
+
+    private static final String QUEUE_TYPE = "similar-asin-run";
+
+    private final SimilarAsinTaskCacheService taskCacheService;
+
+    @Override
+    public String moduleType() {
+        return SimilarAsinTaskService.MODULE_TYPE;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Map<String, Object> buildQueuePayload(FileTaskEntity task) {
+        Map<String, Object> data = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+        data.put("taskId", task.getId());
+        data.put("user_id", task.getUserId());
+        log.info("[similar-asin] 兜底载荷已组装 taskId={} userId={}", task.getId(), task.getUserId());
+        return Map.of("type", QUEUE_TYPE, "data", data);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onClaimed(FileTaskEntity task) {
+        // 对齐 activate：刷新模块缓存心跳，让页面立刻看到 RUNNING
+        taskCacheService.touchTaskHeartbeat(task.getId());
+    }
+}

backend-java/src/main/java/com/nanri/aiimage/modules/similarasin/service/SimilarAsinTaskService.java

@@ -532,12 +532,20 @@ public class SimilarAsinTaskService implements SimilarAsinPipelineHost {
             throw new BusinessException("任务不存在");
         }
         ownershipSupport().ensureTaskOwnedByCurrentInstance(task, "activate");
-        if (STATUS_SUCCESS.equals(task.getStatus()) || STATUS_FAILED.equals(task.getStatus())) {
+        // 只允许 PENDING→RUNNING（条件更新）：与客户端「兜底拉取」的原子认领互斥，
+        // 谁先翻转谁执行，避免页面与客户端重复执行同一任务
+        int updated = fileTaskMapper.update(null, new LambdaUpdateWrapper<FileTaskEntity>()
+                .eq(FileTaskEntity::getId, taskId)
+                .eq(FileTaskEntity::getStatus, STATUS_PENDING)
+                .set(FileTaskEntity::getStatus, STATUS_RUNNING)
+                .set(FileTaskEntity::getUpdatedAt, LocalDateTime.now()));
+        if (updated == 0) {
+            FileTaskEntity latest = fileTaskMapper.selectById(taskId);
+            if (latest != null && STATUS_RUNNING.equals(latest.getStatus())) {
+                throw new BusinessException("任务已在执行中（可能已由客户端自动接管），无需重复启动");
+            }
             throw new BusinessException("任务已结束");
         }
-        task.setStatus(STATUS_RUNNING);
-        task.setUpdatedAt(LocalDateTime.now());
-        fileTaskMapper.updateById(task);
         taskCacheService.touchTaskHeartbeat(taskId);
         }
     }

backend-java/src/main/java/com/nanri/aiimage/modules/task/controller/TaskClientPullController.java

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+package com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.controller;
+
+import com.nanri.aiimage.common.api.ApiResponse;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.common.model.entity.AdminUserEntity;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.common.security.AdminAuthSupport;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.model.vo.TaskClientPullVo;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.service.TaskClientPullService;
+import io.swagger.v3.oas.annotations.Operation;
+import io.swagger.v3.oas.annotations.tags.Tag;
+import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
+import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
+import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
+import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * 客户端兜底拉取：桌面客户端定时调用，把"页面没推送成功、长期停在 PENDING"的任务领走执行。
+ *
+ * <p>用户身份一律从 JWT 解析（客户端 4.0.14+ 的请求钩子自动带 Bearer），未登录直接 401 ——
+ * 不允许匿名按 user_id 参数领别人的任务。
+ */
+@RestController
+@RequiredArgsConstructor
+@RequestMapping("/api/tasks")
+@Tag(name = "任务兜底拉取", description = "供桌面客户端领取页面未推送成功的待执行任务")
+public class TaskClientPullController {
+
+    private final TaskClientPullService taskClientPullService;
+    private final AdminAuthSupport adminAuthSupport;
+
+    @GetMapping("/pull-pending")
+    @Operation(
+            summary = "拉取并认领长期未推送的任务",
+            description = "只返回当前登录用户、创建超过 N 分钟仍为 PENDING 的任务；服务端原子认领（PENDING→RUNNING），"
+                    + "与页面推送互斥，不会重复执行。开关关闭时返回空列表。")
+    public ApiResponse<List<TaskClientPullVo>> pullPending(HttpServletRequest request) {
+        AdminUserEntity me = adminAuthSupport.requireUser(request);
+        return ApiResponse.success(taskClientPullService.pullPendingTasks(me.getId()));
+    }
+}

backend-java/src/main/java/com/nanri/aiimage/modules/task/model/vo/TaskClientPullVo.java

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.model.vo;
+
+import io.swagger.v3.oas.annotations.media.Schema;
+import lombok.Data;
+
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/** 客户端兜底拉取返回的任务项：任务元信息 + 客户端可直接入队的载荷。 */
+@Data
+@Schema(description = "客户端兜底拉取的任务项")
+public class TaskClientPullVo {
+
+    @Schema(description = "任务 ID", example = "7004")
+    private Long taskId;
+
+    @Schema(description = "模块类型", example = "SIMILAR_ASIN")
+    private String moduleType;
+
+    @Schema(description = "任务编号", example = "SIMILAR_ASIN-2063533925058785280")
+    private String taskNo;
+
+    @Schema(description = "任务创建时间", example = "2026-09-14 10:00:00")
+    private String createdAt;
+
+    @Schema(description = "客户端可直接入队的载荷：{type, data}")
+    private Map<String, Object> queuePayload;
+}

backend-java/src/main/java/com/nanri/aiimage/modules/task/service/StaleTaskRepairService.java

@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ public class StaleTaskRepairService {
         }
         try (lock) {
             repairFileTaskStaleIdle();
+            repairFileTaskStaleScheduled();
             repairFileTaskStaleRunning();
             repairBrandStale();
         } catch (Exception ex) {
@@ -62,12 +63,12 @@ public class StaleTaskRepairService {
         }
     }
 
-    /** 中间态 PENDING/SCHEDULED 超时未接单 → FAILED。 */
+    /** PENDING 长时间未被领取 → FAILED（页面没推进客户端队列，客户端兜底拉取也没领到）。 */
     private void repairFileTaskStaleIdle() {
         LocalDateTime cutoff = LocalDateTime.now().minusMinutes(STALE_IDLE_MINUTES);
         List<FileTaskEntity> stale = fileTaskMapper.selectList(new LambdaQueryWrapper<FileTaskEntity>()
                 .select(FileTaskEntity::getId, FileTaskEntity::getModuleType)
-                .in(FileTaskEntity::getStatus, STATUS_PENDING, STATUS_SCHEDULED)
+                .eq(FileTaskEntity::getStatus, STATUS_PENDING)
                 .lt(FileTaskEntity::getUpdatedAt, cutoff)
                 .last("limit 500"));
         if (stale.isEmpty()) {
@@ -77,7 +78,7 @@ public class StaleTaskRepairService {
         LocalDateTime now = LocalDateTime.now();
         int updated = fileTaskMapper.update(null, new LambdaUpdateWrapper<FileTaskEntity>()
                 .in(FileTaskEntity::getId, stale.stream().map(FileTaskEntity::getId).toList())
-                .in(FileTaskEntity::getStatus, STATUS_PENDING, STATUS_SCHEDULED)
+                .eq(FileTaskEntity::getStatus, STATUS_PENDING)
                 .set(FileTaskEntity::getStatus, STATUS_FAILED)
                 .set(FileTaskEntity::getErrorMessage, reason)
                 .set(FileTaskEntity::getFinishedAt, now));
@@ -87,6 +88,42 @@ public class StaleTaskRepairService {
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * SCHEDULED 到时后长时间未启动 → FAILED。
+     *
+     * <p>只按 updated_at 判死会误杀：定时任务（店铺匹配）到点前本来就不会有人动它，
+     * 排期在 STALE_IDLE_MINUTES 之后的任务必被判死，而 activate 又被「未到定时执行时间」挡住。
+     * 因此有 scheduled_at 时以「到点时间」为判死基准（到点后再宽限 STALE_IDLE_MINUTES），
+     * scheduled_at 为空时退回 updated_at 逻辑。completeStage 会把 scheduled_at 刷成下一轮时间，
+     * 多轮定时任务不会被上一轮的时间误判。
+     */
+    private void repairFileTaskStaleScheduled() {
+        LocalDateTime cutoff = LocalDateTime.now().minusMinutes(STALE_IDLE_MINUTES);
+        List<FileTaskEntity> stale = fileTaskMapper.selectList(new LambdaQueryWrapper<FileTaskEntity>()
+                .select(FileTaskEntity::getId)
+                .eq(FileTaskEntity::getStatus, STATUS_SCHEDULED)
+                .and(w -> w.isNull(FileTaskEntity::getScheduledAt)
+                        .lt(FileTaskEntity::getUpdatedAt, cutoff)
+                        .or()
+                        .lt(FileTaskEntity::getScheduledAt, cutoff))
+                .last("limit 500"));
+        if (stale.isEmpty()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        String reason = "定时任务到点后长时间未启动，已自动失败";
+        LocalDateTime now = LocalDateTime.now();
+        int updated = fileTaskMapper.update(null, new LambdaUpdateWrapper<FileTaskEntity>()
+                .in(FileTaskEntity::getId, stale.stream().map(FileTaskEntity::getId).toList())
+                .eq(FileTaskEntity::getStatus, STATUS_SCHEDULED)
+                .set(FileTaskEntity::getStatus, STATUS_FAILED)
+                .set(FileTaskEntity::getErrorMessage, reason)
+                .set(FileTaskEntity::getFinishedAt, now));
+        if (updated > 0) {
+            log.warn("[stale-task-repair] 陈旧定时任务已标失败 count={} ids={}",
+                    updated, stale.stream().map(FileTaskEntity::getId).toList());
+        }
+    }
+
     /** RUNNING 但心跳超过 2h 未刷新 → FAILED（心跳残留续命即僵尸）。 */
     private void repairFileTaskStaleRunning() {
         LocalDateTime cutoff = LocalDateTime.now().minusMinutes(STALE_IDLE_MINUTES);

backend-java/src/main/java/com/nanri/aiimage/modules/task/service/TaskClientPullService.java

@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+package com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.service;
+
+import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.conditions.query.LambdaQueryWrapper;
+import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.conditions.update.LambdaUpdateWrapper;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.config.InstanceMetadata;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.mapper.FileTaskMapper;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.model.entity.FileTaskEntity;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.model.vo.TaskClientPullVo;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.spi.ClientTaskPullSpi;
+import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
+import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
+import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
+
+import java.time.LocalDateTime;
+import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * 客户端兜底拉取：把"页面没推送成功、长期停在 PENDING"的任务交给在线客户端执行。
+ *
+ * <p>PENDING 表示任务已解析落库、等页面把它推进本机 Python 队列；页面这一环缺失时任务会一直
+ * 停在这里，2 小时后被 {@code StaleTaskRepairService} 标失败。本服务让客户端主动来领：
+ * 只挑创建超过 N 分钟仍是 PENDING 的本用户任务，逐条用条件更新认领（PENDING→RUNNING），
+ * 只有把状态翻过来的调用方算领取成功 —— 与页面 activate 天然互斥，不会重复执行。
+ *
+ * <p>开关 {@code aiimage.client-task-pull.enabled} 默认关闭；模块白名单默认只放三个
+ * "执行参数全在服务端"的模块，其余模块实现 {@link ClientTaskPullSpi} 后可逐步加入。
+ */
+@Slf4j
+@Service
+public class TaskClientPullService {
+
+    private static final String STATUS_PENDING = "PENDING";
+    private static final String STATUS_RUNNING = "RUNNING";
+    private static final String STATUS_FAILED = "FAILED";
+    private static final DateTimeFormatter TIME_FORMATTER = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
+    /** 单次拉取上限，防止配置写大后一次认领过多把客户端队列压满。 */
+    private static final int MAX_LIMIT = 20;
+
+    private final FileTaskMapper fileTaskMapper;
+    private final InstanceMetadata instanceMetadata;
+    /** moduleType → 模块兜底实现（启动时建索引并校验重复注册）。 */
+    private final Map<String, ClientTaskPullSpi> pullHandlers;
+
+    @Value("${aiimage.client-task-pull.enabled:false}")
+    private boolean enabled;
+
+    @Value("${aiimage.client-task-pull.module-types:SIMILAR_ASIN,COLLECT_DATA,APPEARANCE_PATENT}")
+    private String moduleTypes;
+
+    @Value("${aiimage.client-task-pull.min-pending-minutes:5}")
+    private long minPendingMinutes;
+
+    @Value("${aiimage.client-task-pull.limit:5}")
+    private int limit;
+
+    public TaskClientPullService(FileTaskMapper fileTaskMapper,
+                                 InstanceMetadata instanceMetadata,
+                                 List<ClientTaskPullSpi> handlers) {
+        this.fileTaskMapper = fileTaskMapper;
+        this.instanceMetadata = instanceMetadata;
+        Map<String, ClientTaskPullSpi> index = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+        for (ClientTaskPullSpi handler : handlers == null ? List.<ClientTaskPullSpi>of() : handlers) {
+            String moduleType = handler.moduleType();
+            if (moduleType == null || moduleType.isBlank()) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("ClientTaskPullSpi 未声明 moduleType: "
+                        + handler.getClass().getName());
+            }
+            ClientTaskPullSpi exists = index.put(moduleType.trim().toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT), handler);
+            if (exists != null) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("moduleType=" + moduleType + " 注册了多个兜底拉取实现: "
+                        + exists.getClass().getName() + " / " + handler.getClass().getName());
+            }
+        }
+        this.pullHandlers = Map.copyOf(index);
+        log.info("[client-task-pull] 模块兜底实现注册完成 count={} modules={}", index.size(), index.keySet());
+    }
+
+    /** 拉取并认领该用户"长期未被领取"的任务，按创建时间升序返回，最多 limit 条。 */
+    public List<TaskClientPullVo> pullPendingTasks(Long userId) {
+        if (!enabled) {
+            return List.of();
+        }
+        if (userId == null || userId <= 0) {
+            return List.of();
+        }
+        List<String> types = resolveModuleTypes();
+        if (types.isEmpty()) {
+            log.warn("[client-task-pull] 模块白名单为空，本次不拉取 userId={}", userId);
+            return List.of();
+        }
+        long startedAt = System.currentTimeMillis();
+        LocalDateTime cutoff = LocalDateTime.now().minusMinutes(Math.max(1L, minPendingMinutes));
+        int safeLimit = Math.max(1, Math.min(limit, MAX_LIMIT));
+        List<FileTaskEntity> candidates = fileTaskMapper.selectList(new LambdaQueryWrapper<FileTaskEntity>()
+                .select(FileTaskEntity::getId, FileTaskEntity::getModuleType, FileTaskEntity::getCreatedAt)
+                .eq(FileTaskEntity::getUserId, userId)
+                .eq(FileTaskEntity::getStatus, STATUS_PENDING)
+                .in(FileTaskEntity::getModuleType, types)
+                .lt(FileTaskEntity::getCreatedAt, cutoff)
+                .orderByAsc(FileTaskEntity::getCreatedAt)
+                .last("limit " + safeLimit));
+        if (candidates.isEmpty()) {
+            return List.of();
+        }
+        List<TaskClientPullVo> claimed = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (FileTaskEntity candidate : candidates) {
+            ClientTaskPullSpi handler = pullHandlers.get(candidate.getModuleType());
+            if (handler == null) {
+                // 白名单配了未实现 SPI 的模块：只告警、不动状态（页面仍可正常推送）
+                log.warn("[client-task-pull] 模块未实现兜底拉取，跳过 taskId={} moduleType={}",
+                        candidate.getId(), candidate.getModuleType());
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (!claim(candidate.getId())) {
+                log.info("[client-task-pull] 任务已被页面领取或状态已变化，跳过 taskId={}", candidate.getId());
+                continue;
+            }
+            FileTaskEntity task = fileTaskMapper.selectById(candidate.getId());
+            if (task == null) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            Map<String, Object> queuePayload = null;
+            try {
+                queuePayload = handler.buildQueuePayload(task);
+            } catch (Exception ex) {
+                log.error("[client-task-pull] 组装兜底载荷异常 taskId={} moduleType={} err={}",
+                        task.getId(), task.getModuleType(), ex.getMessage(), ex);
+            }
+            if (queuePayload == null) {
+                failClaimedTask(task, "任务数据不完整，无法自动执行，请重新提交");
+                continue;
+            }
+            try {
+                handler.onClaimed(task);
+            } catch (Exception ex) {
+                // 缓存/心跳刷新失败不影响执行：客户端已拿到载荷，心跳会由执行侧补上
+                log.warn("[client-task-pull] 认领后刷新模块缓存失败 taskId={} err={}", task.getId(), ex.getMessage());
+            }
+            TaskClientPullVo vo = new TaskClientPullVo();
+            vo.setTaskId(task.getId());
+            vo.setModuleType(task.getModuleType());
+            vo.setTaskNo(task.getTaskNo());
+            vo.setCreatedAt(task.getCreatedAt() == null ? null : TIME_FORMATTER.format(task.getCreatedAt()));
+            vo.setQueuePayload(queuePayload);
+            claimed.add(vo);
+            log.warn("[client-task-pull] 兜底认领成功 taskId={} moduleType={} userId={} taskNo={} 创建于={}",
+                    task.getId(), task.getModuleType(), task.getUserId(), task.getTaskNo(), vo.getCreatedAt());
+        }
+        log.info("[client-task-pull] 拉取完成 userId={} 候选={} 认领={} 耗时={}ms",
+                userId, candidates.size(), claimed.size(), System.currentTimeMillis() - startedAt);
+        return claimed;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 条件更新认领：只有把 PENDING 翻成 RUNNING 的一方算领取成功。
+     * PENDING 无活跃 owner（页面尚未执行），认领即接管，因此不做归属转发。
+     */
+    private boolean claim(Long taskId) {
+        return fileTaskMapper.update(null, new LambdaUpdateWrapper<FileTaskEntity>()
+                .eq(FileTaskEntity::getId, taskId)
+                .eq(FileTaskEntity::getStatus, STATUS_PENDING)
+                .set(FileTaskEntity::getStatus, STATUS_RUNNING)
+                .set(FileTaskEntity::getUpdatedAt, LocalDateTime.now())
+                .set(FileTaskEntity::getOwnerInstanceId, currentInstanceId())) > 0;
+    }
+
+    /** 认领后组装不出载荷：直接标失败，避免留成 RUNNING 孤儿等 2 小时心跳线。 */
+    private void failClaimedTask(FileTaskEntity task, String reason) {
+        int updated = fileTaskMapper.update(null, new LambdaUpdateWrapper<FileTaskEntity>()
+                .eq(FileTaskEntity::getId, task.getId())
+                .eq(FileTaskEntity::getStatus, STATUS_RUNNING)
+                .set(FileTaskEntity::getStatus, STATUS_FAILED)
+                .set(FileTaskEntity::getErrorMessage, reason)
+                .set(FileTaskEntity::getFinishedAt, LocalDateTime.now()));
+        log.warn("[client-task-pull] 认领后组装载荷失败，已标失败 taskId={} moduleType={} 命中={} 原因={}",
+                task.getId(), task.getModuleType(), updated, reason);
+    }
+
+    private List<String> resolveModuleTypes() {
+        if (moduleTypes == null || moduleTypes.isBlank()) {
+            return List.of();
+        }
+        List<String> types = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (String raw : moduleTypes.split(",")) {
+            String value = raw == null ? "" : raw.trim().toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT);
+            if (!value.isEmpty() && !types.contains(value)) {
+                types.add(value);
+            }
+        }
+        return types;
+    }
+
+    private String currentInstanceId() {
+        String instanceId = instanceMetadata == null ? null : instanceMetadata.getInstanceId();
+        return instanceId == null || instanceId.isBlank() ? "unknown-instance" : instanceId;
+    }
+}

backend-java/src/main/java/com/nanri/aiimage/modules/task/spi/ClientTaskPullSpi.java

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.spi;
+
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.model.entity.FileTaskEntity;
+
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * 客户端兜底拉取的模块侧扩展点。
+ *
+ * <p>背景：任务由页面"解析落库 PENDING → activate → 经 pywebview 桥推给本机 Python 队列"派发，
+ * 页面这一段缺失（只解析没点启动 / 推送前关页面 / 在纯浏览器打开）时任务永远停在 PENDING，
+ * 2 小时后被 StaleTaskRepairService 标失败（「任务长期未被领取，已自动失败」）。
+ * 本接口让业务模块自行组装"客户端可直接入队"的 payload，由 {@code TaskClientPullService}
+ * 认领（PENDING→RUNNING 条件更新）后下发给客户端执行 —— 等于替页面补上"推送"这一步。
+ *
+ * <p>与 {@link TaskModuleHeartbeatSpi} 同理（G5）：task 侧不 import 业务模块，
+ * 各模块实现本接口，Spring 注入 List 后由 task 侧建索引。
+ */
+public interface ClientTaskPullSpi {
+
+    /** 本实现负责的 moduleType（与 biz_file_task.module_type 一致）。 */
+    String moduleType();
+
+    /**
+     * 组装客户端可直接入队的载荷：{@code {"type": "...", "data": {...}}}。
+     * 返回 null 表示该任务当前不具备兜底执行条件（调用方会把任务标失败并回写原因）。
+     */
+    Map<String, Object> buildQueuePayload(FileTaskEntity task);
+
+    /**
+     * 认领成功后的模块侧动作：对齐各自的 activate（多数模块实现为
+     * {@code cacheService.touchTaskHeartbeat(taskId)}，让页面立刻看到 RUNNING）。
+     */
+    default void onClaimed(FileTaskEntity task) {
+    }
+}

backend-java/src/main/resources/application.yml

@@ -234,6 +234,14 @@ aiimage:
     stuck-timeout-minutes: ${AIIMAGE_RESULT_FILE_JOB_STUCK_TIMEOUT_MINUTES:30}
     heartbeat-interval-ms: ${AIIMAGE_RESULT_FILE_JOB_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL_MS:60000}
     batch-size: ${AIIMAGE_RESULT_FILE_JOB_BATCH_SIZE:20}
+  # 客户端兜底拉取：页面没推送成功（只解析没点启动 / 推送前关页面 / 纯浏览器打开）、
+  # 长期停在 PENDING 的任务由在线客户端领走执行，替代 2 小时后的"任务长期未被领取"标失败。
+  # 默认关闭；打开前需先发布带兜底拉取线程的客户端版本，旧客户端不受影响。
+  client-task-pull:
+    enabled: ${AIIMAGE_CLIENT_TASK_PULL_ENABLED:false}
+    module-types: ${AIIMAGE_CLIENT_TASK_PULL_MODULE_TYPES:SIMILAR_ASIN,COLLECT_DATA,APPEARANCE_PATENT}
+    min-pending-minutes: ${AIIMAGE_CLIENT_TASK_PULL_MIN_PENDING_MINUTES:5}
+    limit: ${AIIMAGE_CLIENT_TASK_PULL_LIMIT:5}
   coze-task:
     max-concurrent: ${AIIMAGE_COZE_TASK_MAX_CONCURRENT:12}
   brand-check:

backend-java/src/test/java/com/nanri/aiimage/modules/collectdata/service/CollectDataActivateGuardTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+package com.nanri.aiimage.modules.collectdata.service;
+
+import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.MybatisConfiguration;
+import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.conditions.Wrapper;
+import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.metadata.TableInfoHelper;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.common.exception.BusinessException;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.common.service.DistributedJobLockService;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.collectdata.util.CollectDataBatchQuery;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.collectdata.util.CollectDataBrandBatchFilter;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.collectdata.util.CollectDataInvalidAsinBatchWriter;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.collectdata.util.CollectDataResultDetailCodec;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.collectdata.util.CollectDataResultDetailReader;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.collectdata.util.CollectDataResultItemBatchWriter;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.file.service.oss.OssStorageService;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.invalidasin.mapper.InvalidAsinDataMapper;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.mapper.FileResultMapper;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.mapper.FileTaskMapper;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.mapper.TaskChunkMapper;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.mapper.TaskResultItemMapper;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.mapper.TaskScopeStateMapper;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.model.entity.FileTaskEntity;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.service.TaskDistributedLockService;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.service.TaskFileJobService;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.service.TaskProgressLightAssembler;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.service.TransientPayloadStorageService;
+import org.apache.ibatis.builder.MapperBuilderAssistant;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
+import org.springframework.test.util.ReflectionTestUtils;
+import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
+import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate;
+
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.isNull;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.never;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+/**
+ * activate 收紧契约（2026-09-14）：只允许 PENDING→RUNNING。
+ *
+ * <p>任务被客户端「兜底拉取」领走后已是 RUNNING，页面再点启动必须被拒且不改状态 ——
+ * 否则同一任务会被执行两次（页面入队一次、客户端一次）。同理，已结束的任务不能被复活。
+ */
+class CollectDataActivateGuardTest {
+
+    private static final long USER_ID = 1095L;
+    private static final long TASK_ID = 11L;
+
+    private final FileTaskMapper fileTaskMapper = mock(FileTaskMapper.class);
+    private CollectDataService service;
+
+    @BeforeEach
+    void setUp() {
+        // LambdaWrapper 需要实体列缓存，单测无 Spring/MyBatis 上下文，手动初始化
+        TableInfoHelper.initTableInfo(new MapperBuilderAssistant(new MybatisConfiguration(), ""), FileTaskEntity.class);
+        service = buildService(fileTaskMapper);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void 已被客户端领走时拒绝重复启动() {
+        when(fileTaskMapper.selectById(TASK_ID)).thenReturn(task("RUNNING"));
+
+        BusinessException error = assertThrows(BusinessException.class,
+                () -> service.activateTask(TASK_ID, USER_ID));
+
+        assertTrue(error.getMessage().contains("无需重复启动"), "错误信息应说明任务已在执行中：" + error.getMessage());
+        // 只有一次条件更新，且谓词限定 PENDING —— 已被客户端认领（RUNNING）的行不可能被再翻一次
+        ArgumentCaptor<Wrapper<FileTaskEntity>> captor = wrapperCaptor();
+        verify(fileTaskMapper).update(isNull(), captor.capture());
+        assertTrue(paramsOf(captor.getValue()).containsValue("PENDING"),
+                "条件更新必须限定 PENDING，否则已认领的任务会被重复执行");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void 已结束的任务不能被复活() {
+        when(fileTaskMapper.selectById(TASK_ID)).thenReturn(task("SUCCESS"));
+
+        BusinessException error = assertThrows(BusinessException.class,
+                () -> service.activateTask(TASK_ID, USER_ID));
+
+        assertEquals("任务已结束", error.getMessage());
+        ArgumentCaptor<Wrapper<FileTaskEntity>> captor = wrapperCaptor();
+        verify(fileTaskMapper).update(isNull(), captor.capture());
+        assertTrue(paramsOf(captor.getValue()).containsValue("PENDING"),
+                "已结束的任务不能命中条件更新");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void 非本用户的任务被拒() {
+        when(fileTaskMapper.selectById(TASK_ID)).thenReturn(task("PENDING"));
+
+        assertThrows(BusinessException.class, () -> service.activateTask(TASK_ID, USER_ID + 1));
+        verify(fileTaskMapper, never()).update(isNull(), any());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void PENDING_任务激活成功且条件更新限定_PENDING() {
+        when(fileTaskMapper.selectById(TASK_ID)).thenReturn(task("PENDING"));
+        when(fileTaskMapper.update(isNull(), any())).thenReturn(1);
+
+        service.activateTask(TASK_ID, USER_ID);
+
+        ArgumentCaptor<Wrapper<FileTaskEntity>> captor = wrapperCaptor();
+        verify(fileTaskMapper).update(isNull(), captor.capture());
+        Map<String, Object> params = paramsOf(captor.getValue());
+        assertTrue(params.containsValue("PENDING"), "条件更新的谓词必须限定 PENDING");
+        assertTrue(params.containsValue("RUNNING"), "条件更新必须写入 RUNNING");
+    }
+
+    private static FileTaskEntity task(String status) {
+        FileTaskEntity task = new FileTaskEntity();
+        task.setId(TASK_ID);
+        task.setModuleType("COLLECT_DATA");
+        task.setTaskNo("COLLECT_DATA-11");
+        task.setUserId(USER_ID);
+        task.setStatus(status);
+        return task;
+    }
+
+    /** 复用既有测试的服务装配方式：只关心 activateTask 用到的 fileTaskMapper，其余协作者为 mock。 */
+    private static CollectDataService buildService(FileTaskMapper fileTaskMapper) {
+        PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager = mock(PlatformTransactionManager.class);
+        return new CollectDataService(null, fileTaskMapper, mock(FileResultMapper.class),
+                mock(com.nanri.aiimage.modules.collectdata.mapper.CollectDataItemMapper.class),
+                mock(com.nanri.aiimage.modules.collectdata.mapper.CollectDataCountryPrefMapper.class),
+                mock(InvalidAsinDataMapper.class),
+                mock(TaskChunkMapper.class), mock(TaskScopeStateMapper.class), mock(TaskResultItemMapper.class),
+                mock(TaskDistributedLockService.class), mock(TaskFileJobService.class),
+                mock(TransientPayloadStorageService.class),
+                mock(CollectDataExcelAssemblyService.class), mock(OssStorageService.class),
+                new ObjectMapper(), new TransactionTemplate(transactionManager),
+                mock(DistributedJobLockService.class),
+                mock(CollectDataBatchQuery.class), mock(CollectDataBrandBatchFilter.class),
+                mock(CollectDataInvalidAsinBatchWriter.class), mock(CollectDataResultDetailCodec.class),
+                mock(CollectDataResultItemBatchWriter.class), mock(CollectDataResultDetailReader.class),
+                mock(TaskProgressLightAssembler.class));
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    private static ArgumentCaptor<Wrapper<FileTaskEntity>> wrapperCaptor() {
+        return ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Wrapper.class);
+    }
+
+    /** 读取 wrapper 参数容器：MyBatis-Plus 在生成 SQL 片段时才填充，故先触发一次。 */
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    private static Map<String, Object> paramsOf(Wrapper<FileTaskEntity> wrapper) {
+        wrapper.getSqlSegment();
+        ((com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.conditions.update.LambdaUpdateWrapper<FileTaskEntity>) wrapper).getSqlSet();
+        Map<String, Object> params = (Map<String, Object>) ReflectionTestUtils.getField(wrapper, "paramNameValuePairs");
+        assertNotNull(params, "wrapper 参数容器字段名可能已变化（paramNameValuePairs）");
+        return params;
+    }
+}

backend-java/src/test/java/com/nanri/aiimage/modules/collectdata/service/CollectDataTaskPullSpiImplTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+package com.nanri.aiimage.modules.collectdata.service;
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.model.entity.FileTaskEntity;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
+
+/**
+ * 集采兜底载荷契约（与 Python SearchTask 的读取口径对齐）：
+ * filters 原样透传（Python 读 countryCode/minAmount/maxAmount/rank/fba/fbm 这些 camelCase 键）、
+ * totalRows 取任务 result_json 的初始统计、pageSize 固定 50；
+ * request_json 缺失/不可解析时返回 null —— 由调用方标失败，绝不用默认国家"凑"一次采集。
+ */
+class CollectDataTaskPullSpiImplTest {
+
+    private final CollectDataTaskPullSpiImpl spi = new CollectDataTaskPullSpiImpl(new ObjectMapper());
+
+    @Test
+    void 载荷包含明细拉取所需的全部字段() {
+        FileTaskEntity task = task("""
+                {"userId":1095,"taskType":"collect-data",
+                 "filters":{"countryCode":"DE","minAmount":10.5,"maxAmount":99.9,"rank":true,"fba":false,"fbm":true},
+                 "files":[]}""", """
+                {"totalRows":81}""");
+
+        Map<String, Object> payload = spi.buildQueuePayload(task);
+
+        assertEquals("collect-data-run", payload.get("type"));
+        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+        Map<String, Object> data = (Map<String, Object>) payload.get("data");
+        assertEquals(11L, data.get("taskId"));
+        assertEquals("COLLECT_DATA-11", data.get("taskNo"));
+        assertEquals("collect-data", data.get("taskType"));
+        assertEquals(81, data.get("totalRows"));
+        assertEquals(CollectDataService.DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE, data.get("pageSize"));
+
+        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+        Map<String, Object> filters = (Map<String, Object>) data.get("filters");
+        assertEquals("DE", filters.get("countryCode"));
+        assertEquals(10.5, filters.get("minAmount"));
+        assertEquals(99.9, filters.get("maxAmount"));
+        assertEquals(true, filters.get("rank"));
+        assertEquals(false, filters.get("fba"));
+        assertEquals(true, filters.get("fbm"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void 模块类型与入队类型固定() {
+        assertEquals("COLLECT_DATA", spi.moduleType());
+        assertEquals("collect-data-run", spi.buildQueuePayload(task("{\"filters\":{}}", "{}")).get("type"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void 结果统计缺失时_totalRows_为_0() {
+        Map<String, Object> payload = spi.buildQueuePayload(task("{\"filters\":{}}", null));
+
+        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+        Map<String, Object> data = (Map<String, Object>) payload.get("data");
+        assertEquals(0, data.get("totalRows"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void filters_为空时透传空对象由_python_默认值兜底() {
+        Map<String, Object> payload = spi.buildQueuePayload(task("{\"filters\":null}", "{}"));
+
+        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+        Map<String, Object> data = (Map<String, Object>) payload.get("data");
+        assertEquals(Map.of(), data.get("filters"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void 请求参数缺失或不可解析时返回_null_由调用方标失败() {
+        assertNull(spi.buildQueuePayload(task(null, "{}")));
+        assertNull(spi.buildQueuePayload(task("not-a-json", "{}")));
+    }
+
+    private static FileTaskEntity task(String requestJson, String resultJson) {
+        FileTaskEntity task = new FileTaskEntity();
+        task.setId(11L);
+        task.setTaskNo("COLLECT_DATA-11");
+        task.setModuleType("COLLECT_DATA");
+        task.setUserId(1095L);
+        task.setStatus("PENDING");
+        task.setRequestJson(requestJson);
+        task.setResultJson(resultJson);
+        return task;
+    }
+
+    /** 防回归：whitelist 里的模块类型必须与业务模块常量一致（配置默认值写的是字符串）。 */
+    @Test
+    void 模块类型常量未被改名() {
+        assertTrue(List.of("SIMILAR_ASIN", "COLLECT_DATA", "APPEARANCE_PATENT").contains(spi.moduleType()));
+    }
+}

backend-java/src/test/java/com/nanri/aiimage/modules/task/service/StaleTaskRepairServiceTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+package com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.service;
+
+import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.MybatisConfiguration;
+import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.conditions.Wrapper;
+import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.conditions.update.LambdaUpdateWrapper;
+import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.metadata.TableInfoHelper;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.common.service.DistributedJobLockService;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.mapper.FileTaskMapper;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.model.entity.FileTaskEntity;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.spi.BrandTaskStaleRepairSpi;
+import org.apache.ibatis.builder.MapperBuilderAssistant;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
+import org.springframework.test.util.ReflectionTestUtils;
+
+import java.time.LocalDateTime;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.isNull;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.never;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verifyNoMoreInteractions;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+/**
+ * 陈旧任务判死契约（2026-09-14 修订）：
+ * PENDING 仍按 updated_at 判死；SCHEDULED（店铺匹配定时任务）改以 scheduled_at 为基准 ——
+ * 只按 updated_at 会误杀排期在 2 小时之后的定时任务，而 activate 又被「未到定时执行时间」挡住。
+ */
+class StaleTaskRepairServiceTest {
+
+    private final FileTaskMapper fileTaskMapper = mock(FileTaskMapper.class);
+    private final BrandTaskStaleRepairSpi brandTaskStaleRepairSpi = mock(BrandTaskStaleRepairSpi.class);
+    private final DistributedJobLockService distributedJobLockService = mock(DistributedJobLockService.class);
+    private final StaleTaskRepairService service = new StaleTaskRepairService(
+            fileTaskMapper, brandTaskStaleRepairSpi, distributedJobLockService);
+
+    @BeforeEach
+    void initTableInfo() {
+        // LambdaWrapper 需要实体列缓存，单测无 Spring/MyBatis 上下文，手动初始化
+        TableInfoHelper.initTableInfo(new MapperBuilderAssistant(new MybatisConfiguration(), ""), FileTaskEntity.class);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void PENDING_判死只命中_PENDING_不再波及_SCHEDULED() {
+        when(fileTaskMapper.selectList(any())).thenReturn(List.of(task(11L)));
+        when(fileTaskMapper.update(isNull(), any())).thenReturn(1);
+
+        ReflectionTestUtils.invokeMethod(service, "repairFileTaskStaleIdle");
+
+        Map<String, Object> selectParams = selectParams();
+        assertTrue(selectParams.containsValue("PENDING"));
+        assertFalse(selectParams.containsValue("SCHEDULED"), "PENDING 分支命中 SCHEDULED 是定时任务被误杀的原因");
+
+        Map<String, Object> updateParams = updateParams(1);
+        assertTrue(updateParams.containsValue("FAILED"));
+        assertTrue(containsMessage(updateParams, "任务长期未被领取"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void SCHEDULED_判死以_scheduled_at_为基准并保留_updated_at_兜底() {
+        when(fileTaskMapper.selectList(any())).thenReturn(List.of(task(21L)));
+        when(fileTaskMapper.update(isNull(), any())).thenReturn(1);
+
+        ReflectionTestUtils.invokeMethod(service, "repairFileTaskStaleScheduled");
+
+        ArgumentCaptor<Wrapper<FileTaskEntity>> selectCaptor = wrapperCaptor();
+        verify(fileTaskMapper).selectList(selectCaptor.capture());
+        String segment = selectCaptor.getValue().getSqlSegment();
+        assertTrue(segment.contains("scheduled_at"), "SCHEDULED 判死必须用到 scheduled_at");
+        assertTrue(segment.contains("updated_at"), "scheduled_at 为空时要退回 updated_at 逻辑");
+        Map<String, Object> selectParams = paramsOf(selectCaptor.getValue());
+        assertTrue(selectParams.containsValue("SCHEDULED"), "只处理 SCHEDULED 状态");
+        long cutoffs = selectParams.values().stream().filter(LocalDateTime.class::isInstance).count();
+        assertEquals(2L, cutoffs, "updated_at 与 scheduled_at 两个分支各有一个判死时间点");
+
+        Map<String, Object> updateParams = updateParams(1);
+        assertTrue(updateParams.containsValue("FAILED"));
+        assertTrue(updateParams.containsValue("SCHEDULED"));
+        assertTrue(containsMessage(updateParams, "定时任务到点后长时间未启动"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void 没有候选任务时不写库() {
+        when(fileTaskMapper.selectList(any())).thenReturn(List.of());
+
+        ReflectionTestUtils.invokeMethod(service, "repairFileTaskStaleIdle");
+        ReflectionTestUtils.invokeMethod(service, "repairFileTaskStaleScheduled");
+
+        verify(fileTaskMapper, never()).update(any(), any());
+        verifyNoMoreInteractions(brandTaskStaleRepairSpi);
+    }
+
+    private Map<String, Object> selectParams() {
+        ArgumentCaptor<Wrapper<FileTaskEntity>> captor = wrapperCaptor();
+        verify(fileTaskMapper).selectList(captor.capture());
+        return paramsOf(captor.getValue());
+    }
+
+    private Map<String, Object> updateParams(int times) {
+        ArgumentCaptor<Wrapper<FileTaskEntity>> captor = wrapperCaptor();
+        verify(fileTaskMapper, org.mockito.Mockito.times(times)).update(isNull(), captor.capture());
+        return paramsOf(captor.getValue());
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    private static ArgumentCaptor<Wrapper<FileTaskEntity>> wrapperCaptor() {
+        return ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Wrapper.class);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 读取 wrapper 参数容器：用来断言判死谓词与写入值。
+     * 注意 MyBatis-Plus 是在生成 SQL 片段时才把参数写进 paramNameValuePairs，故先触发一次。
+     */
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    private static Map<String, Object> paramsOf(Wrapper<FileTaskEntity> wrapper) {
+        wrapper.getSqlSegment();
+        if (wrapper instanceof LambdaUpdateWrapper) {
+            ((LambdaUpdateWrapper<FileTaskEntity>) wrapper).getSqlSet();
+        }
+        Map<String, Object> params = (Map<String, Object>) ReflectionTestUtils.getField(wrapper, "paramNameValuePairs");
+        assertNotNull(params, "wrapper 参数容器字段名可能已变化（paramNameValuePairs）");
+        return params;
+    }
+
+    private static boolean containsMessage(Map<String, Object> params, String keyword) {
+        return params.values().stream()
+                .anyMatch(value -> value instanceof String text && text.contains(keyword));
+    }
+
+    private static FileTaskEntity task(Long id) {
+        FileTaskEntity task = new FileTaskEntity();
+        task.setId(id);
+        task.setModuleType("SHOP_MATCH");
+        task.setStatus("SCHEDULED");
+        task.setCreatedAt(LocalDateTime.now().minusHours(5));
+        task.setUpdatedAt(LocalDateTime.now().minusHours(5));
+        task.setScheduledAt(LocalDateTime.now().plusHours(3));
+        return task;
+    }
+}

backend-java/src/test/java/com/nanri/aiimage/modules/task/service/TaskClientPullServiceTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+package com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.service;
+
+import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.MybatisConfiguration;
+import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.conditions.Wrapper;
+import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.conditions.update.LambdaUpdateWrapper;
+import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.metadata.TableInfoHelper;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.config.InstanceMetadata;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.mapper.FileTaskMapper;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.model.entity.FileTaskEntity;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.model.vo.TaskClientPullVo;
+import com.nanri.aiimage.modules.task.spi.ClientTaskPullSpi;
+import org.apache.ibatis.builder.MapperBuilderAssistant;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
+import org.springframework.test.util.ReflectionTestUtils;
+
+import java.time.LocalDateTime;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyLong;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.isNull;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.never;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verifyNoInteractions;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+/**
+ * 客户端兜底拉取契约：
+ * 开关关闭不查库；候选限定「本用户 + PENDING + 白名单模块 + 创建超过 N 分钟」；
+ * 认领走条件更新（限定 PENDING，写 RUNNING 与 owner）——与页面 activate 互斥，认领失败即返回空；
+ * 认领后组装不出载荷时把任务标失败（不留 RUNNING 孤儿）；白名单未实现 SPI 的模块跳过；同模块重复注册直接报错。
+ */
+class TaskClientPullServiceTest {
+
+    private static final long USER_ID = 1095L;
+
+    private final FileTaskMapper fileTaskMapper = mock(FileTaskMapper.class);
+
+    @BeforeEach
+    void initTableInfo() {
+        // LambdaWrapper 需要实体列缓存，单测无 Spring/MyBatis 上下文，手动初始化
+        TableInfoHelper.initTableInfo(new MapperBuilderAssistant(new MybatisConfiguration(), ""), FileTaskEntity.class);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void 开关关闭时不查库也不返回任务() {
+        TaskClientPullService service = service(new StubHandler("SIMILAR_ASIN", payload("similar-asin-run")));
+        ReflectionTestUtils.setField(service, "enabled", false);
+
+        assertTrue(service.pullPendingTasks(USER_ID).isEmpty());
+        verifyNoInteractions(fileTaskMapper);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void 认领成功后返回载荷并写_RUNNING_与_owner() {
+        FileTaskEntity candidate = task(11L, "SIMILAR_ASIN");
+        when(fileTaskMapper.selectList(any())).thenReturn(List.of(candidate));
+        when(fileTaskMapper.update(isNull(), any())).thenReturn(1);
+        when(fileTaskMapper.selectById(11L)).thenReturn(candidate);
+        StubHandler handler = new StubHandler("SIMILAR_ASIN", payload("similar-asin-run"));
+
+        List<TaskClientPullVo> result = service(handler).pullPendingTasks(USER_ID);
+
+        assertEquals(1, result.size(), "应返回一条已认领任务");
+        assertEquals(11L, result.get(0).getTaskId());
+        assertEquals("similar-asin-run", result.get(0).getQueuePayload().get("type"));
+        assertEquals("SIMILAR_ASIN", result.get(0).getModuleType());
+        assertEquals(1, handler.claimedCalls, "认领成功后必须执行模块侧后置处理");
+
+        ArgumentCaptor<Wrapper<FileTaskEntity>> captor = wrapperCaptor();
+        verify(fileTaskMapper).update(isNull(), captor.capture());
+        Map<String, Object> params = paramsOf(captor.getValue());
+        assertTrue(params.containsValue("PENDING"), "认领条件必须限定 PENDING");
+        assertTrue(params.containsValue("RUNNING"), "认领必须写入 RUNNING");
+        assertTrue(sqlSetOf(captor.getValue()).contains("owner_instance_id"), "认领必须接管归属实例");
+
+        ArgumentCaptor<Wrapper<FileTaskEntity>> selectCaptor = wrapperCaptor();
+        verify(fileTaskMapper).selectList(selectCaptor.capture());
+        Map<String, Object> selectParams = paramsOf(selectCaptor.getValue());
+        assertTrue(selectParams.containsValue("PENDING"), "候选只挑 PENDING");
+        assertTrue(selectParams.containsValue(USER_ID), "候选限定任务所属用户");
+        assertTrue(selectCaptor.getValue().getSqlSegment().contains("created_at"), "候选要有创建时间窗口");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void 页面抢先认领后不再返回任务() {
+        when(fileTaskMapper.selectList(any())).thenReturn(List.of(task(11L, "SIMILAR_ASIN")));
+        when(fileTaskMapper.update(isNull(), any())).thenReturn(0);
+        StubHandler handler = new StubHandler("SIMILAR_ASIN", payload("similar-asin-run"));
+
+        List<TaskClientPullVo> result = service(handler).pullPendingTasks(USER_ID);
+
+        assertTrue(result.isEmpty(), "条件更新没命中说明页面已接管，不能再返回给客户端");
+        assertEquals(0, handler.buildCalls, "未认领成功时不应组装载荷");
+        verify(fileTaskMapper, never()).selectById(anyLong());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void 组装不出载荷时任务标失败() {
+        FileTaskEntity candidate = task(11L, "SIMILAR_ASIN");
+        when(fileTaskMapper.selectList(any())).thenReturn(List.of(candidate));
+        when(fileTaskMapper.update(isNull(), any())).thenReturn(1);
+        when(fileTaskMapper.selectById(11L)).thenReturn(candidate);
+
+        List<TaskClientPullVo> result = service(new StubHandler("SIMILAR_ASIN", null)).pullPendingTasks(USER_ID);
+
+        assertTrue(result.isEmpty());
+        Map<String, Object> failParams = secondUpdateParams();
+        assertTrue(failParams.containsValue("FAILED"), "组装失败必须标 FAILED，不留 RUNNING 孤儿");
+        assertTrue(containsMessage(failParams, "无法自动执行"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void 组装抛异常时任务标失败且不抛出() {
+        FileTaskEntity candidate = task(11L, "SIMILAR_ASIN");
+        when(fileTaskMapper.selectList(any())).thenReturn(List.of(candidate));
+        when(fileTaskMapper.update(isNull(), any())).thenReturn(1);
+        when(fileTaskMapper.selectById(11L)).thenReturn(candidate);
+        StubHandler broken = new StubHandler("SIMILAR_ASIN", null, new IllegalStateException("boom"));
+
+        List<TaskClientPullVo> result = service(broken).pullPendingTasks(USER_ID);
+
+        assertTrue(result.isEmpty());
+        Map<String, Object> failParams = secondUpdateParams();
+        assertTrue(failParams.containsValue("FAILED"));
+        assertTrue(containsMessage(failParams, "无法自动执行"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void 白名单模块未实现兜底时跳过且不改状态() {
+        when(fileTaskMapper.selectList(any())).thenReturn(List.of(task(21L, "COLLECT_DATA")));
+
+        List<TaskClientPullVo> result = service(new StubHandler("SIMILAR_ASIN", payload("similar-asin-run")))
+                .pullPendingTasks(USER_ID);
+
+        assertTrue(result.isEmpty());
+        verify(fileTaskMapper, never()).update(isNull(), any());
+        verify(fileTaskMapper, never()).selectById(anyLong());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void 同一模块重复注册直接报错() {
+        assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () -> service(
+                new StubHandler("SIMILAR_ASIN", payload("similar-asin-run")),
+                new StubHandler("SIMILAR_ASIN", payload("similar-asin-run"))));
+    }
+
+    private TaskClientPullService service(ClientTaskPullSpi... handlers) {
+        TaskClientPullService service = new TaskClientPullService(
+                fileTaskMapper, new InstanceMetadata("server-test"), List.of(handlers));
+        ReflectionTestUtils.setField(service, "enabled", true);
+        ReflectionTestUtils.setField(service, "moduleTypes", "SIMILAR_ASIN,COLLECT_DATA");
+        ReflectionTestUtils.setField(service, "minPendingMinutes", 5L);
+        ReflectionTestUtils.setField(service, "limit", 5);
+        return service;
+    }
+
+    private Map<String, Object> secondUpdateParams() {
+        ArgumentCaptor<Wrapper<FileTaskEntity>> captor = wrapperCaptor();
+        verify(fileTaskMapper, times(2)).update(isNull(), captor.capture());
+        return paramsOf(captor.getAllValues().get(1));
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    private static ArgumentCaptor<Wrapper<FileTaskEntity>> wrapperCaptor() {
+        return ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Wrapper.class);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 读取 MyBatis-Plus wrapper 里的参数容器：用来断言条件更新的谓词与写入值。
+     * 注意 MyBatis-Plus 是在生成 SQL 片段时才把参数写进 paramNameValuePairs，故先触发一次。
+     */
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    private static Map<String, Object> paramsOf(Wrapper<FileTaskEntity> wrapper) {
+        wrapper.getSqlSegment();
+        if (wrapper instanceof LambdaUpdateWrapper) {
+            ((LambdaUpdateWrapper<FileTaskEntity>) wrapper).getSqlSet();
+        }
+        Map<String, Object> params = (Map<String, Object>) ReflectionTestUtils.getField(wrapper, "paramNameValuePairs");
+        assertNotNull(params, "wrapper 参数容器字段名可能已变化（paramNameValuePairs）");
+        return params;
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    private static String sqlSetOf(Wrapper<FileTaskEntity> wrapper) {
+        return ((LambdaUpdateWrapper<FileTaskEntity>) wrapper).getSqlSet();
+    }
+
+    private static boolean containsMessage(Map<String, Object> params, String keyword) {
+        return params.values().stream()
+                .anyMatch(value -> value instanceof String text && text.contains(keyword));
+    }
+
+    private static Map<String, Object> payload(String type) {
+        Map<String, Object> data = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+        data.put("taskId", 11L);
+        return Map.of("type", type, "data", data);
+    }
+
+    private static FileTaskEntity task(Long id, String moduleType) {
+        FileTaskEntity task = new FileTaskEntity();
+        task.setId(id);
+        task.setModuleType(moduleType);
+        task.setTaskNo(moduleType + "-" + id);
+        task.setUserId(USER_ID);
+        task.setStatus("PENDING");
+        task.setCreatedAt(LocalDateTime.now().minusMinutes(10));
+        task.setUpdatedAt(LocalDateTime.now().minusMinutes(10));
+        return task;
+    }
+
+    private static final class StubHandler implements ClientTaskPullSpi {
+
+        private final String moduleType;
+        private final Map<String, Object> queuePayload;
+        private final RuntimeException failure;
+        private int buildCalls;
+        private int claimedCalls;
+
+        StubHandler(String moduleType, Map<String, Object> queuePayload) {
+            this(moduleType, queuePayload, null);
+        }
+
+        StubHandler(String moduleType, Map<String, Object> queuePayload, RuntimeException failure) {
+            this.moduleType = moduleType;
+            this.queuePayload = queuePayload;
+            this.failure = failure;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String moduleType() {
+            return moduleType;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Map<String, Object> buildQueuePayload(FileTaskEntity task) {
+            buildCalls++;
+            if (failure != null) {
+                throw failure;
+            }
+            return queuePayload;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onClaimed(FileTaskEntity task) {
+            claimedCalls++;
+        }
+    }
+}

frontend-vue/src/pages/brand/components/BrandAppearancePatentTab.vue

@@ -456,7 +456,15 @@ async function pushToPythonQueue() {
       nonEmptyArrayKeys: ['groups'],
     })
     if (!(await passGuard(guard))) return
+    // 任务可能已被客户端「兜底拉取」领走（页面长时间没点启动）：服务端会拒绝 activate，
+    // 此时必须直接返回，不能再入队，否则同一任务会被执行两次
+    try {
       await activateAppearancePatentTask(taskId)
+    } catch (activateError) {
+      ElMessage.warning(activateError instanceof Error ? activateError.message : '任务已在执行中，无需重复启动')
+      await Promise.all([loadDashboard(), loadHistory({ force: true })])
+      return
+    }
     const result = await api.enqueue_json(payload)
     if (!result?.success) {
       ElMessage.error(result?.error || '启动失败')

frontend-vue/src/pages/brand/components/BrandSimilarAsinTab.vue

@@ -533,7 +533,15 @@ async function pushToPythonQueue() {
       requiredDataKeys: ['taskId', 'aliprice_usename', 'aliprice_pwd'],
     })
     if (!(await passGuard(guard))) return
+    // 任务可能已被客户端「兜底拉取」领走（页面长时间没点启动）：服务端会拒绝 activate，
+    // 此时必须直接返回，不能再入队，否则同一任务会被执行两次
+    try {
       await activateSimilarAsinTask(taskId)
+    } catch (activateError) {
+      ElMessage.warning(activateError instanceof Error ? activateError.message : '任务已在执行中，无需重复启动')
+      await Promise.all([loadDashboard(), loadHistory({ force: true })])
+      return
+    }
     const result = await api.enqueue_json(payload)
     if (!result?.success) {
       ElMessage.error(result?.error || '启动失败')